diff --git a/inc/inc.ClassEmail.php b/inc/inc.ClassEmail.php
index 71e4fd437..2239e03cb 100644
--- a/inc/inc.ClassEmail.php
+++ b/inc/inc.ClassEmail.php
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ class SeedDMS_Email extends SeedDMS_Notify {
 		return true;
 	} /* }}} */
 
-	function toList($sender, $recipients, $subject, $message, $params) { /* {{{ */
+	function toList($sender, $recipients, $subject, $message, $params=array()) { /* {{{ */
 		if ((!is_object($sender) && strcasecmp(get_class($sender), "SeedDMS_Core_User")) ||
 				(!is_array($recipients) && count($recipients)==0)) {
 			return -1;
diff --git a/inc/inc.ClassNotify.php b/inc/inc.ClassNotify.php
index d61360b2f..ea32608bc 100644
--- a/inc/inc.ClassNotify.php
+++ b/inc/inc.ClassNotify.php
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@ abstract class SeedDMS_Notify {
 	 */
 	protected $sender;
 
-	abstract function toIndividual($sender, $recipient, $subject, $message, $params);
-	abstract function toGroup($sender, $groupRecipient, $subject, $message, $params);
-	abstract function toList($sender, $recipients, $subject, $message, $params);
+	abstract function toIndividual($sender, $recipient, $subject, $message, $params=array());
+	abstract function toGroup($sender, $groupRecipient, $subject, $message, $params=array());
+	abstract function toList($sender, $recipients, $subject, $message, $params=array());
 
 	function replaceMarker($text) {
 		global $settings;